Author, Journal (Peer-Reviewed), and Permalink or Working Link to Access Article

Article Title and Year Published

Research Questions (Qualitative) or Hypothesis (Quantitative), and Purposes or Aim of Study

Design (Type of Quantitative, or Type of Qualitative)

Setting or Sample

Methods: Intervention or Instruments

Analysis

Key Findings

Recommendation

1.

Abbatecola, A., Paolisso, G., & Sinclair, A.  Current Pharmaceutical Design,

( Source: NCBI)

Treating Diabetes Mellitus in Older and Oldest Old Patients. ( 2015)

Qualitative literature review.

The purpose of the journal article was to explore the challenge encountered by geriatric patients in anti-diabetic treatment options. 

The design is qualitative literature review. 

The paper investigates barriers to treatment of diabetes two among elder group. 

Secondary research method was utilized. 

The paper shows that risk of hypoglycaemia during treatment can be a barrier to treatment and management of diabetes 2 among elder patients with geriatric condition.  

There are a lot of underlying challenges in treatment and management of diabetes 2 among elder patients with geriatric conditions. 

Several underlying factors should be considered as part of treatment and medication. 

2.

Awoyemi, A., Trøseid, M., Solheim, S., Arnesen, H., & Seljeflot, I.

Atherosclerosis,

( Source: https://www.atherosclerosis-journal.com/article/S0021-9150(18)30461-1/abstract) 

Metabolic endotoxemia as related to metabolic syndrome in an elderly male population at high cardiovascular risk. ( 2018)

The study was quantitative. Study investigates syndrome that is strongly associated with inflammation, IL-6 and CRP and ways it leads to metabolic disturbance  among type 2 diabetes  patients

Design type is quantitative

The paper looks at the physiological factors that affect treatment geriatric patients  under diabetes treatment. 

Different animal models were used to determine reaction to various insulin type and treatment. 

Patient physiological aspects determines the body response to treatment of type 2 diabetes. 

The right treatment will result to better cell function  and insulin secretion. 

Patients should be screened for the right treatment as one medication may not work for all patient since there are other underlying conditions. 

3

Guo, M., & Xu, Y. 

Diabetes, 67 

( Source: NCBI)

Inhibitors and Stroke Risk in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes—A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. (2018)

Qualitative study was done. Article investigates the effects of sodium-glucose contrasnporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors in respect to the risk of stroke. 

Meta-analysis was done

Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Randomized trials were done measuring the R.R values. 

The analysis indicated that the RR value were not affected by age, gender, duration of diabetes, BMI, HbA1C levels. However there was a lower incidence of stroke observed on Black patients that Asian and white patients. 

Treatment also depends on social and cultural aspects of patient lifestyle

Change of lifestyle should be incorporated as part of diabetes 2 treatment. 

4

Komkova, A., Brandt, C. J., Hansen Pedersen, D., Emneus, M., & Sortsø, C.

(source NCBI and PubMed)

Electronic Health Lifestyle Coaching Among Diabetes Patients in a Real-Life Municipality Setting: Observational Study. (2018)

Qualitative Observational Study.  This study seeks to find the effects related to eHealth intervention among diabetes patients in a real-life municipal setting. 

Observational study

103 patients living with diabetes in a municipal setting. 

Regression method was done among these sample, where weight change was observed. Regression method was also used to assess the impact of intervention.  

The impact of eHealth was analysed and regression was used to test impact of eHealth intervention on weight.

eHealth intervention reduces weight risk among people with diabetes.

eHealth intervention should be encouraged as part of Evidence Based Practice. 

5

Mañas, L. R., Rodríguez, M. C., & Sinclair, A. J. Oxford Textbook of Geriatric Medicine

Management of diabetes in older adults. (2017).

study evaluates 

the currently available hypoglycaemic drugs  and indications  to diabetology community in treatment of adults aged 75 and above

Systematic literature review

Adult of 75 years and above

None

Comprehensive geriatric assessment to identify glycaemic targets

Hypoglycaemic therapy works well with same set of drugs when dosage is altered based on existing pharmacologic interactions

Patient history with hypoglycaemic drugs should be assessed

6

Migdal, A. L., & Abrahamson, M. J

Principles of Diabetes Mellitus

( Source PubMed)

.

Treating Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (2016)

Literature review qualitative study. Article looks at the changes in lifestyle and impact in delaying the effects of diabetes. 

Literature review

Sample study was for adults over 50 years

None

Lifestyle change include exercises and diet was observed to whether it impacted in the development of diabetes 2 among the elder group.

Changes of lifestyle have an impact in the development of diabetes 2 and this could be delayed with proper behavior change

Diabetes Self-management education should be encouraged. 

7

Nyambuya, T. M., Dludla, P. V., & Nkambule, B. B. 

Systematic Reviews

(Source NCBI)

T cell activation and cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis. (2018)

Systematic review and meta-analysis. Study provide an assessment of the T cell activation and the cardiovascular risk in the adults with T2DM

Systematic literature review  and meta-analysis

The study incorporate medical subjects from PubMed and MEDLINE databases. 

Assessment of quality of strength across all studies. 

Study was able to reveal levels of statistical heterogeneity, depicting a random effect meta-analysis which is performed using the R statistics software. 

T Cells could be a major component in the development of T2DM among other complication. 

Self-management education is important. In reducing the effects of T Cells. 

8

Onofrei, L., & Smith, A. G. 

Advocacy in Neurology (https://oxfordmedicine.com/view/10.1093/med/9780198796039.001.0001/med-9780198796039-chapter-30)

Advocacy for patients with neuropathic pain. Advocacy in Neurology (2019)

Qualitative literature review. Paper looks at how pain impacts T2DM individuals, health providers and general health system with emphasis on advocacy. 

Literature review qualitative study

Non

Advocacy mechanisms for intervention on the impacts of  T2DM

non

The impact of advocacy was observed and other forms of intervention.

Advocacy should include training on Self-management.

9

Rodriguez-Saldana, J.

The Diabetes Textbook ( Source: Research gate)

Clinical Practice Guidelines, Evidence-Based Medicine, and Diabetes. ( 2019)

Quantitative study. 

Looks at the impact of unjustified variations of medical practice in relation to clinical outcomes, the cost of healthcare and patients with T2DM.

Quantitative design

Patients and medical practitioners dealing with patients with T2DM

Medical and clinical practice for treatment of T2DM

Recognition of the impact of clinical intervention is formidable to the treatment and management of T2DM

Various levels of clinical interventions will be required including administration of the condition and training for nurses to ensure the right intervention per individual patient

Clinical intervention is also as important as change of lifestyle and should be incorporated as part of T2DM interventions. 

10

Wu, F., Tai, H., & Sun, J. Asian Nursing Research

Self-management experience of middle-aged and older adults with type 2 diabetes: A qualitative study (2019).

Paper investigates the self-management experiences of middle aged and older adults with diabetes using a focus group.

Qualitative study

Older Adults with DM2

Focus group of 23 participants on self-management discussions

Study provides  insights to the experiences of middle aged and older adults self-management of diabetes

Listening to the voice of patients and observing challenges, delimma in self-management, recognize challenges in diabetes

Adherence education