NURS 350 assignment week 2
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Literature review, Topic HIV/AIDS.
The recent studies performed by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention have revealed a rapid increase in the prevalence of HIV/AIDS (CDC 2015). In 2016, the CDC released a report about the number of infections in the State of Illinois, indicating that in the year 2013, Illinois was among the States with a high number of HIV infections, precisely, at position 8 out of the 50 States tested, with a total of 35,216 HIV/AIDS cases (CDC, 2016). The utilization of quantitative data in this study makes the discovery of social facts about this condition easier, and offers a measurable reality in regard to the same. Particularly, the researchers reveal the importance of implementing an awareness program to enlighten the public about the risk associated with HIV/AIDS transmission and how to counter this condition. As such, ,the information provided therein is reliable can be used to explore the possible measures to counter the rapid spread of HIV/AIDs in illinois, as well as in other areas across the globe. However, a question that needs answers, is that what are the fueling parameters leading to this prevalence? Coming up with a suitable solution to this question will facilitate the development of countermeasures against this prevalence.
Patel, et al. (2014), in their research established that effective HIV prevention programs need precise estimates of the per-act risk of contracting HIV/AIDS from parental and unprotected sexual misconducts. In this evaluation, it was evident that the top three possibilities for contracting the virus included unprotected anal sex with an infected partner, mother-to-child transmission, and blood transfusion. Also, the study made use of quantitative analysis, attenuating 99.2% of HIV cases to unprotected intercourse (Patel et al., 2014). In this regard, this study is relevant as it provides a fundamental basis for developing prevention measures, including educating the public about the importance of condoms. However, given that condoms do not provide 100% assurance, are they still reliable as a countermeasure?
References
- CDC. (2015). An introduction to applied epidemiology and biostatistics. In Principles of epidemiology in public health practice. Retrieved from Office of public health scientific services: http://www.cdc.gov/ophss/csels/dsepd/ss1978/index.html
- CDC. (2016). Illinois- 2015 state health profile. Retrieved from Center for Disease Control: http://www.cdc.gov/nchhstp/stateprofiles/pdf/illinois_profile.pdf
- Patel, P., Borkowf, C., Brooks, J., Lasry, A., Lansky, A., and Mermin, J. (2014). Estimating per-act HIV transmissin risk: a systematic review. AIDS: Official Journal of the International AIDS Society, 28(10), 1509-1519. doi:10.1097/QAD.0000000000000298